Beyond the brilliant scripts and stellar casts of MASTERPIECE's celebrated television dramas lies an unspoken element that often steals the show -- the spectacular locations! These picturesque backdrops now take centerstage in Destination Masterpiece, a new travelogue special exploring the settings of MASTERPIECE dramas. Join a rollicking grand tour of Britain, gaze up at magnificent palaces, wander down cobbled streets, and stroll through timeless villages to experience where all of the MASTERPIECE magic happens. Traversing the great isle of Britain, this armchair adventure explores All Creatures Great & Small, Endeavour, The Forsytes, Grantchester, Magpie Murders, Marlow Murder Club, Poldark, Sanditon, and Wolf Hall. It's also an immersive travel guide that unlocks the secrets of sites, both hidden and iconic. Blending firsthand reflections from the creative minds who brought these settings to life with stunning cinematography and expert interviews, a complete picture of these glorious locations emerges. Destination Masterpiece is a journey that proves the settings are truly the co-star.
Despite relishing the leisurely ways and quaint charms of country life, Detective Senior Sergeant Mike Shepherd (Neill Rea) knows all is not well in the picturesque but murder-ridden town of Brokenwood. Along with his methodical partner, Detective Kristin Sims (Fern Sutherland), and eager young DC Sam Breen (Nic Sampson), Shepherd must confront the violent impulses and roiling passions that can mar even the most serene locales. In these four feature-length mysteries, the detectives face down poisonous spiders, a real-life "Clue" board game gone wrong, the death of a classic-car enthusiast and someone killing the Christmas spirit.
Taped deep within the subterranean amphitheater of The Caverns in Tennessee's majestic Cumberland Mountains, "The Caverns Sessions" (formerly known as "Bluegrass Underground") features both long-established and emerging artists within a broad spectrum of genres to include Roots-Rock, Jam Band, R&B, Country, Soul, Hip Hop, Folk, Americana and Bluegrass - music from the heart of the American experience.
In this heartwarming and nostalgic program, host Geoffrey Baer takes viewers on a fun exploration of the time-honored traditions of this joyous Jewish holiday, sharing how Hanukkah came to be, the significance of the season's cherished dishes, and the ways families continue to celebrate together across generations. Along the way, Geoffrey provides an overview of Hanukkah in popular culture, weaving in his holiday memories through childhood home movies. And, because food plays such a meaningful part of every Hanukkah observance, he also heads into the kitchen with experts to try his hand at creating seasonal culinary delights - including latkes (potato pancakes) and sufganiyot (filled donuts) - while explaining how these dishes connect to Hanukkah's history.
Sheri Castle shares recipes for Low Country-style red rice with shrimp and sausage as well as rice and garden peas in Parmesan broth. She visits Lee's One Fortune Farm to see how it grows heirloom rice in the mountains, and then cooks with chef Ricky Moore for his "church lady good" rice and summer-squash gratin. Sheri also shares a tip on how to select the perfect rice for a recipe.
Diane visits her good friend Peter, an "expert" in the art of living the ultimate "Mediterranean lifestyle." They are in his villa in Messinia, on the southwestern tip of the Peloponnese, near the renowned ancient town of Pylos and the historic Bay of Navarino. There, she discovers the good-life secrets of this rich, giving land, blanketed by olive and citrus trees and blessed with a perfect climate. The region is home to the world's first system of culinary provenance, unearthed in prehistoric clay tablets at Pylos, and fragrant with the delicious recipes of local cooks who still uphold the delicious village food traditions. She cooks with two village ladies, learning to make a luscious local pork and fig dish as well as olive-oil fried bread twists called lalangia. Back in her kitchen, inspired by the cornucopia of olive oil, oranges and other local delicacies, she cooks up a Messinian meal.Hoirino me Syka - Pork Braised with Figs; Tarta Spanaki - Spinach & Kalamata Olive Tart; Protoyiahni - Tomato Chicken Noodle Soup; Lalangia - Pencil-Thin Dough Fritters.
DINING WITH THE CHEF introduces Americans to the techniques, ingredients and harmony of Japanese cuisine. Hosted by Yu Hayami who cooks alongside master chef Tatsuo Saito, and co-host Patrick Harlan who cooks with chef Rika Yukimasa, with occasional appearances by other guest chefs, the series presents delicious Japanese dishes that can be made at home. Chef Tatsuo Saito, a prominent master of Japanese culinary arts, has served as head chef at the Japanese embassies in Paris and Washington and was an instructor in Japanese cuisine at a Swiss hotel school. He has also prepared tastings for the National Cherry Blossom Festival in Washington, D.C. In Tokyo he operates a cooking school and is a prolific author, often appearing on television, in magazines and on the lecture circuit. In DINING WITH THE CHEF, Chef Saito takes us to the heart of Japanese cuisine by demonstrating culinary techniques, explaining ingredients, and showing how to arrange food to bring out its distinctive characteristics. Host Yu Hayami is an international singer and actress who was born in Japan and raised in Guam and Hawaii. Aside from her career and being a mother of two, she is also involved in charity work. Yu is a lover of good food, as well as a fine wine enthusiast.
Chef Missy, Henry, and Thomas fish the mouth of the James River with expert guide Sam Scott of Blue Ridge Musky. Chef Missy catches, cleans, and cooks up local small-mouth bass with homemade fresh herb Salsa Verde while Thomas shares knowledge of Picpoul wine from the oldest grape in France. Together they are joined by friends and family for more French Magnolia delicious fun.
Sara celebrates the versatile patty with easy, flavorful recipes from around the world. She makes Rustic Sausage Patties with Lentils, learns a Turkish zucchini patty recipe, and elevates the classic hamburger with decadent French Onion Soup Burgers topped with melted cheese.
Dive into the world of science, health, technology, and environmental issues making headlines each week, hosted by PBS News Hour's William Brangham, with in-depth discussions featuring leading experts and professionals.
Join PBS News Hour's Nick Schifrin and a panel of experts each week analyzing prominent international affairs topics and America's role in a shifting world, breaking down global conflicts, rising tensions, and their implications for U.S. interests.
In this heartwarming and nostalgic program, host Geoffrey Baer takes viewers on a fun exploration of the time-honored traditions of this joyous Jewish holiday, sharing how Hanukkah came to be, the significance of the season's cherished dishes, and the ways families continue to celebrate together across generations. Along the way, Geoffrey provides an overview of Hanukkah in popular culture, weaving in his holiday memories through childhood home movies. And, because food plays such a meaningful part of every Hanukkah observance, he also heads into the kitchen with experts to try his hand at creating seasonal culinary delights - including latkes (potato pancakes) and sufganiyot (filled donuts) - while explaining how these dishes connect to Hanukkah's history.
Post-WWII London is a dangerous place. Especially for men like Gabriel Book. But every good bookseller needs a hobby-and Book's is solving murders.
Post-WWII London is a dangerous place. Especially for men like Gabriel Book. But every good bookseller needs a hobby-and Book's is solving murders.
Post-WWII London is a dangerous place. Especially for men like Gabriel Book. But every good bookseller needs a hobby-and Book's is solving murders.
Post-WWII London is a dangerous place. Especially for men like Gabriel Book. But every good bookseller needs a hobby-and Book's is solving murders.
Post-WWII London is a dangerous place. Especially for men like Gabriel Book. But every good bookseller needs a hobby-and Book's is solving murders.
Post-WWII London is a dangerous place. Especially for men like Gabriel Book. But every good bookseller needs a hobby-and Book's is solving murders.
Historian Lucy Worsley unlocks the dark secrets of the Doge's Palace, one of Venice's most ornate historic buildings, where she has a close shave in a torture chamber and discovers a 24-carat gold staircase, hidden doors and secret messages.
Things look very different at Skeldale House as James grapples with Siegfried's wild and chaotic energy. Tristan returns from war, and he and James take matters into their own hands. Amid the upheaval, there may be good news just around the corner.
Low from their rift, Charlie can't let Jacqui best him with her new one-woman show. He is inspired to stage a new take on Pizazz's Sherlock Holmes--high-tech and groundbreaking. But as Charlie returns, so too does Norma--the theatre ghost.
Charlie is determined his cutting-edge production will best Jacqui's one-woman show and be his calling card back to the USA. When ghost-hunting Nicky crashes through the ceiling, Gaye is left with a significant budget problem.
The overthrow of Napoleon III in France also causes turmoil in Vienna. Franz feels the need to begin his son's military training earlier than expected. Sisi objects, and makes the decision the free her sensitive son from the barracks.
"The Potato King" Andy and the others venture into the Andes Mountains to discover that the fanstastical-seeming Potato King is real! "The Charango Kid" Carmen finds out in Cusco that the joy of music doesn't come from fancy instruments, but from playing with friends.
Lyla and Everett struggle to play Hot Cross Buns at the same tempo, and they learn how to read music. / Lyla is upset after Luke doesn't follow her snack recipe, his snack becomes popular, and she realizes that new ideas are good too.
When Buster cheerfully insists that he will miss the Father's Day picnic because he has other plans, Arthur is convinced that he's really sad about his parents' divorce and embarrassed to show up alone. Can Arthur and the gang find Buster a new dad in time for the picnic? In the second story, Rubella's tarot cards foresee the delivery of a special birthday present and Prunella predicts a gift of flashpants, the hottest new fasion. When she gets a watch instead, Prunella can't bear to face the others, particularly since Muffy will be waring them to the big skating party.
Opie is hosting the Odd Squad Superfan tour but finds out a villain has joined in disguise. Can she catch them? / After finding out about Club 37, Orli and Ozzie must solve a total of 37 cases to be granted access.
Martin and Chris are hanging out in China with their Giant panda friend Stuffo, when they receive reports of Snowy owls showing up all over North America. Since these raptors live in the Arctic, it's up to the Wild Kratts to solve the Mystery of the Snowy Owl Invasion! Science Concept : Territoriality, population cycles, migration.
The Hunters monitor a thunderstorm, but when the power goes out, their drone stops working. With no way to keep a direct eye on the storm, the Hunters get creative so they can still alert all their neighbors about the storm's location.
When Dot and Al announce the Hunters are spending Christmas in Nigeria, Corky worries about skipping their usual cold-weather traditions. But as they plan an exciting celebration, Corky wonders: can she have a fun Christmas without snow?
Spring Carnival Auntie Midge loves to emcee Spring Carnival, but a hurt hip takes her out of commission. With a little help from Mr. Patak, Molly and Tooey build a special way for her to get around in the snow. Tooey's Hole-i-day Sweater Tooey's finally outgrown an ugly, hand-me-down Christmas sweater knit by his Grandma Elizabeth. All is well until Luka accidentally takes a bite and leaves a gaping hole in the front. Can Molly and Tooey fix it before Grandma arrives for the holidays?
Rosie is thrilled to spend Christmas with Abuela in Mexico City, but in her excitement, she forgets Abuela's present, and now she has to find a new present before their Noche Buena celebration.
It's Alma's favorite holiday, Noche Buena (or Christmas Eve), and she can't wait to celebrate her family's yearly traditions. But when the traditions go wrong, Alma feels disappointed. Can she still have a fun Noche Buena when things are so different? When Alma finds the Christmas gift she gave Junior is still under the tree, she decides to skip playtime with her brother and make him a do-over gift before the big Three Kings Day parade. But Junior isn't thrilled.
When the Circo gets stuck at the South Pole on Christmas eve, Leo, Andy, and Carmen are convinced that Santa will never find them. With the help of their friend Luna, the kids endeavor to save Christmas, learning about holiday traditions from around the world along the way.
Based on the popular Scholastic book series by Norman Bridwell about the lovable oversized canine with his head in the clouds but four paws planted firmly on the ground, Clifford presents a larger-than-life view of the world. With his loving human, Emily Elizabeth, and dog pals, Cleo and T-Bone, Clifford inhabits a colorful island community, inviting viewers on a fun-filled journey through childhood, navigating the dips and curves along the way. CLIFFORD THE BIG RED DOG emphasizes good citizenship and the importance of community. Each episode concludes with a component of Clifford's Big Ideas - 10 different attributes children learn to embrace - which leaves them with something to think about and practice in their lives.
When the Pteranodon kids decide to draw some maps, Don's map of one big land mass for "the whole Mesozoic" triggers a discussion on whether the Mesozoic is "one big place that's all connected" or comprised of a bunch of smaller, interconnected land masses. On the Dinosaur Train, the Conductor explains that millions of years ago there actually was just one big land mass called "Pangaea"! Then, over a long period of time, it started to drift apart and form separate, smaller landmasses, or continents. Our family can't believe it! The Conductor offers to take the Pteranodons up in the Zeppelin and through a Sky Time Tunnel, back to the time of Pangaea. At the Zeppelin Station, they meet up with Tricia Troodon, who helps pilot the Zeppelin on their journey. Once in the sky and through the time tunnel, our family is able to see Pangaea, the one giant landmass, just as it's starting to break apart. Then the family travels forward in time and views the continents separating more as oceans and seas move in between the land. Looking down at how their coastline looks in the Cretaceous Period, Buddy, Tiny, Shiny and Don all agree that seeing Pangaea breaking apart is one of the coolest things they've ever seen!As the Pteranodon kids are playing outside their nest, a few seedpods fall from a nearby tree, bonking Don on the head. This leads to a discussion about how far away things can fall from...maybe even from space?? Buddy hypothesizes that perhaps if a star came close enough, it could land on Earth! On the Dinosaur Train, the Conductor explains that things actually do fall from space. Big space rocks, called "asteroids," sometimes land on Earth, and when they occasionally do, they make a biiiiig hole, called a crater. Don perks up at this-he'd love to see a crater! So the Conductor takes the Pteranodon Family up in the Zeppelin to see a giant crater from above! On the ground, they explore the crater and find fragments of "space rocks" from the former asteroid. As evening falls and our family flies back home, the Conductor and Mom and Dad surprise the kids with a picnic dinner on the Zeppelin-hurrah!
When Peter doesn't want to eat his vegetables, Pinkalicious shows him a fun way to play and eat! / When Peter has trouble getting a hole-in-one in miniature golf, he tries a new way of hitting the ball!
The Perfect Ten Problem - TV Show Set. Peg and Cat are judging a singing competition in which all performers must get a rating of exactly ten stars. Primary Content: Adding to 10; Secondary Content: The number 0.The Long Line Problem - The Purple Planet. While waiting in a long line, Peg and Cat try to help Richard realize his dream of being first in line for the first time. Primary Content: Ordinal numbers, using a number line; Secondary Content: Positional relationships (in front of/behind), counting to 20.
Elmo doesn't give up and keeps practicing until he learns how to play the song Twinkle Twinkle Little Star on his piano.
Phoebe, Jay, and Lupe get to practice their fire safety plan when the Fire Inspector visits Tobsy Towers. Phoebe and Jay are sent to buy juice from Mr. Aguilar, but when it goes awry, they must find a solution.
Is it possible to have too many pairs of Sparkle Pants? Not if you find creative ways to repurpose them! / After a long spell of rain, it's time to play! But, what game can Zadie, Cece, Clyde, and Carly play that's fun for all?
Bex and Sammy are excited for their sleepover at Yolanda's house. Will it go smoothly or will their morning routines clash Zadie makes everyone mad when she invents a new dancing game, but won't let anyone else be in charge.
With help from her mom and Dr. Anna, Miss Elaina makes bandages that look like her skin color. / With help from the grown-ups, Chrissie and her friends build a ramp so that Chrissie can climb to the top of the slide, too!
A rascally Lettersaur is loose in Reader Valley! When Mr. More borrows Princess Presto's wand for his magic show, things go bananas! The Shuffler invents a new dance that shuffles things that start with a b' into things that start with a d!'
Sheldon can't wait for Carl to play his favorite beach game, but Carl is nervous. What if he can't play as well as his friends? / Lotta lost her favorite blanket and her friends are determined to help her find it.
Unbalanced - The Amazing Balancing Zucchinis come to town, and George realizes that there's nothing he wants more in life than to be an acrobat. But before he can join the troupe, he needs to learn a lot more about balance and help save an allergic tightrope walker from a very determined cat.Curious George vs. Winter - Winter is closing in and George is miserable...how's he going to survive without all the fun summertime activities he loves? When he decides to ignore the weather and play with his wading pool and his bubbles, he learns some interesting things about freezing and melting.
Donkey gives her new flower too much water, and it grows so big that it disrupts her garden and her pals' fun. Can she learn from her mistake to fix the problem?/When the wind ruins Donkey and Panda's Camp Buddy Buddy plan, they must change the plan.
Chef Pierre invites our intrepid trio to the high seas to catch fish for his restaurant. But after catching more rubbish than fish, saving a whale in a tangle and cleaning up their bit of the ocean, will Milo and his pals land anything for the menu?!
While helping Ms. Beaver construct a community garden, the kids learn about rocks. / It's Bibi's birthday and Elinor tries to make her special dumplings all by herself.
Rosie and Javi get a new Purple Knight book, but it's in a different language, so Miss Maya helps translate the story. / Rosie starts a club, but her friends don't want to join - until she finds something they all enjoy doing together!
The Science of Staying Warm - It's a wintery Saturday morning and Elinor, Olive and Ari are getting ready to go out and play in the snow with other kids, but Olive wonders why she has to wear so many winter clothes. This catches Elinor's curiosity, so she observes that some kids have thick fur (like her) and others (like Olive) don't. At the same time, she sees that the kids with thick fur don't need coats, and the ones without thick fur need thicker coats. They conclude that fur must help animals stay warm. Now that Olive understands, she's excited to put on her winter stuff and have fun in the snow!The Seed of an Idea - Elinor becomes fascinated by the Velcro on Ari's new watch and convinces her friends to help her find out how it works. First, they make a list of what Velcro sticks to and what it doesn't stick to, but they need more observations, so they head out onto the playground. While outside, they observe that Velcro is very similar to a burr seed that is stuck to Ari's shirt, which is no coincidence at all! That's when they learn that the invention of Velcro was based off the burr seed. Nature is full of all sorts of inventive ideas!
Frozen Fish - After the lake freezes over, Elinor and her friends wonder what happens to all of their fishy friends during the wintertime. How can they survive? Do they freeze? After Ranger Rabbit cuts a hole in the ice to check on the fish, the kids gaze down through the thick ice and learn that the whole lake isn't frozen after all. The ice is only at the top, and there's still liquid at the bottom where the fish live comfortably when the lake freezes in the winter.Pirate Treasure - While the kids are playing pirates in search of treasure, pirate Ari realizes that he forgot where he hid their treasure. But, no worries, because the kids are pirates, and pirates always figure it out. Unfortunately, it's not that simple, and they can't even draw a map, because Ari can't remember exactly how to get to the treasure. Luckily, their friend Philbert the Squirrel helps them out by teaching the kids about landmarks and how to use them to find your way. So, the mighty pirates finally find their loot. Arrrr!
The Wild Kratts and Wild Kratts kids go on an underwater adventure to discover how pond animals survive in the winter.
While in the Arctic, Martin and Chris are on a mission to discover how animals move around in different environments. Their new knowledge comes in handy when they discover that Zach Varmitech has kidnapped a Walrus calf and a Polar bear cub. The Wild Kratts team must do what it takes to return the baby animals to their mothers.Science Concepts: Buoyancy, Traction.
The Unsinkable Lynx - It's a very snowy day and Elinor, Ari and Olive meet a new friend, Gael the lynx, who has just moved to Animal Town. The kids decide to play some fun SNOW TAG, and it quickly becomes clear that Gael is a master at the game. He moves impossibly fast in the snow. How does he do it? After some careful observations, the kids discover that Gael's paws are much wider than theirs, which helps him walk on top of the snow instead of sinking down into it. This discovery inspires the kids to make their own wide snowshoes!Rocky the Rock - Ari spots a funny looking rock with a smile on it and decides to make it his new friend, Rocky. When it's time for a snack, Ari notices that Rocky doesn't eat anything, which makes him worried. How will Ari take care of his friend Rocky? Enlisting the help of his friends, they wonder, are rocks alive? They make observations about what living things do and compare them to what Rocky does, which sparks a lively class debate. The kids decide that rocks are not alive, but that they can still be friends with nature.
On their way to return some Hispid hares to Asia, the Wild Kratts accidentally lose them in a wintery North American forest. Martin and Chris must use the amazing winter adaptations and strategies of the Snowshoe hare and lynx to locate the hares before it's too late.
When an injured bird who is struggling to fly appears in the Hunter's backyard, the kids spring to action. In a test against time, they try to speed up the bird's recovery so it can join its bird friends migrating south for the winter.
The Wild Kratts are hanging out with Emperor penguins at the South Pole and wondering why penguins don't live at the North Pole. All of a sudden, Koki gets a report from Wild Kratt Kid, Nua, that there are penguins stranded in the Arctic. What? They're not supposed to be there! The Wild Kratts spring into action to investigate this mystery and get the "lost" penguins back to their natural home. Science Concept : Geographical distribution of species.
In this one-hour special, it's Christmas time and the Wild Kratts are taking a break from creature adventuring to celebrate. But when the Wild Kratts receive an alert that their favorite creatures are suddenly disappearing around the globe, their holiday party quickly turns into a rescue mission. Our heroes must race against time to thwart their greedy archrivals' most miserly scheme yet! Will they be able to travel to the ends of the earth and return their baby animal friends to their homes in time for the holidays? Find out on Wild Kratts: A Creature Christmas.
When Dot and Al announce the Hunters are spending Christmas in Nigeria, Corky worries about skipping their usual cold-weather traditions. But as they plan an exciting celebration, Corky wonders: can she have a fun Christmas without snow?
Spring Carnival Auntie Midge loves to emcee Spring Carnival, but a hurt hip takes her out of commission. With a little help from Mr. Patak, Molly and Tooey build a special way for her to get around in the snow. Tooey's Hole-i-day Sweater Tooey's finally outgrown an ugly, hand-me-down Christmas sweater knit by his Grandma Elizabeth. All is well until Luka accidentally takes a bite and leaves a gaping hole in the front. Can Molly and Tooey fix it before Grandma arrives for the holidays?
Rosie is thrilled to spend Christmas with Abuela in Mexico City, but in her excitement, she forgets Abuela's present, and now she has to find a new present before their Noche Buena celebration.
It's Alma's favorite holiday, Noche Buena (or Christmas Eve), and she can't wait to celebrate her family's yearly traditions. But when the traditions go wrong, Alma feels disappointed. Can she still have a fun Noche Buena when things are so different? When Alma finds the Christmas gift she gave Junior is still under the tree, she decides to skip playtime with her brother and make him a do-over gift before the big Three Kings Day parade. But Junior isn't thrilled.
When the Circo gets stuck at the South Pole on Christmas eve, Leo, Andy, and Carmen are convinced that Santa will never find them. With the help of their friend Luna, the kids endeavor to save Christmas, learning about holiday traditions from around the world along the way.
The Science of Staying Warm - It's a wintery Saturday morning and Elinor, Olive and Ari are getting ready to go out and play in the snow with other kids, but Olive wonders why she has to wear so many winter clothes. This catches Elinor's curiosity, so she observes that some kids have thick fur (like her) and others (like Olive) don't. At the same time, she sees that the kids with thick fur don't need coats, and the ones without thick fur need thicker coats. They conclude that fur must help animals stay warm. Now that Olive understands, she's excited to put on her winter stuff and have fun in the snow!The Seed of an Idea - Elinor becomes fascinated by the Velcro on Ari's new watch and convinces her friends to help her find out how it works. First, they make a list of what Velcro sticks to and what it doesn't stick to, but they need more observations, so they head out onto the playground. While outside, they observe that Velcro is very similar to a burr seed that is stuck to Ari's shirt, which is no coincidence at all! That's when they learn that the invention of Velcro was based off the burr seed. Nature is full of all sorts of inventive ideas!
Frozen Fish - After the lake freezes over, Elinor and her friends wonder what happens to all of their fishy friends during the wintertime. How can they survive? Do they freeze? After Ranger Rabbit cuts a hole in the ice to check on the fish, the kids gaze down through the thick ice and learn that the whole lake isn't frozen after all. The ice is only at the top, and there's still liquid at the bottom where the fish live comfortably when the lake freezes in the winter.Pirate Treasure - While the kids are playing pirates in search of treasure, pirate Ari realizes that he forgot where he hid their treasure. But, no worries, because the kids are pirates, and pirates always figure it out. Unfortunately, it's not that simple, and they can't even draw a map, because Ari can't remember exactly how to get to the treasure. Luckily, their friend Philbert the Squirrel helps them out by teaching the kids about landmarks and how to use them to find your way. So, the mighty pirates finally find their loot. Arrrr!
The Wild Kratts and Wild Kratts kids go on an underwater adventure to discover how pond animals survive in the winter.
While in the Arctic, Martin and Chris are on a mission to discover how animals move around in different environments. Their new knowledge comes in handy when they discover that Zach Varmitech has kidnapped a Walrus calf and a Polar bear cub. The Wild Kratts team must do what it takes to return the baby animals to their mothers.Science Concepts: Buoyancy, Traction.